Biology

How Life Began to See

Light is, arguably, the reason we exist. Billions of years ago, the first cells utilized light as a source of energy using photosynthesis, thus set the stage for complex multicellular life. Light, the source of all energy we consume, creates vitamin D in our skin and allows our most precious sensory organs, our eyes, to […]

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Genghis Khan: Better than other warlords at more than just conquering land

“The greatest happiness is to vanquish your enemies, to chase them before you, to rob them of their wealth, to see those dear to them bathed in tears, to clasp to your bosom their wives and daughters.” This quote, by Genghis Khan, perfectly illustrates one key reason why the mutation in his Y chromosome was

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Toxoplasmosis: Can you catch crazy cat lady syndrome?

Popular culture has birthed an archetype of the crazy cat lady: a middle-aged woman with more cats than people in her life, unable to properly care for them and her home. Seen as both offensive and humorously affectionate, this often disheveled or reclusive image has brought into question the legitimacy of these behavioral patterns. As

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Spleen or scuba tank? How we hold our breath for longer underwater

The Bajau people of Southeast Asia spend 60 percent of their workday underwater. Commonly known as the Sea Nomads, the Bajau population has survived for over 1,000 years collecting and hunting food through underwater diving. Their extraordinary breath-holding capabilities seem almost humanly impossible. When the brain experiences hypoxia — the deficiency of oxygen in bodily

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Breaking records at record pace: How biomechanics have influenced the Olympics

The world record for the 100 meter dash is 9.58 seconds. A record set by Usain Bolt after beating his own preceding record at the previous Olympic Games. With such impressive records already, it has become onerous to imagine how Olympic records can continue to get broken, yet every round of Olympic events brings a

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