Emily Xu

Behavioral Neuroscience // Class of 2026

The future already happened: An examination of a block-model universe

What if the past, present, and future already exist? As you read this, you could be born, dead, and every event in between. This concept is Minkowski’s block universe model of understanding time.  In the block universe, time does not pass. What exactly does this mean? Imagine every event in the universe as a printed […]

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Nothing left untouched, not even the brain

Everything on Earth has fallen victim to plastic pollution, from our oceans to our food. Consequently, our bodies have accumulated unprecedented amounts of nanoplastic concentrations in organ tissues, including the critical cardiovascular, lung, and nervous systems. Today, scientists continue to uncover more distressing effects of microplastic exposure in the human body. Increased accessibility and inexpensiveness

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Function of dreaming in humans from an evolutionary perspective

Sometime around 2500 BCE, the earliest recorded dream in history was documented. This was Sumerian king Dumuzi’s dream, from the ancient civilization of Mesopotamia, and was recorded in cuneiform. In this vision, the king sees subjects moving before him with various objects in their hands and on their heads, which was a perplexing story to

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“I can quit whenever I want!”: How the e-cigarette industry retains customers for life

Initially, electronic nicotine delivery systems were not marketed to target teenagers. However, their sleek design and soothing fruity flavors had a consequential appeal to youth. For example, the first highly popularized e-cigarette by JUUL gained traction in 2015. Shaped like a USB drive and mango flavored, JUUL and similar e-cigarette brands quickly became the cool

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